Deterministic data mining techniques have also been considered in software refactoring. Since the introduction of the search-based algorithm in software engineering, many papers have investigated the use of search-based algorithms in software refactoring. Fig 1 shows an example of a sequence diagram. Usually, a sequence diagram is not large and it should correspond to one scenario only. A sequence diagram can be considered as a protocol definition of certain tasks. Nevertheless, it is useful for developers because it increases the level of understanding of how different objects are implemented in the system. A sequence diagram is not intended to depict complex systems due to their extensive detail. It represents objects as vertical lines and messages as arrows with labels. A sequence diagram shows how different objects of the system interact over time via messages. A sequence diagram is a dynamic UML diagram that shows the interaction between the components of the system. In particular, it shows the objects participating in an interaction and the sequence of messages exchanged”. Ī sequence diagram is defined by the UML Reference Manual as “a diagram that shows object interactions arranged in time sequence. Similar to code refactoring, software model refactoring, especially UML, has increasingly captured the interest of researchers to identify ill-structured components and refactor them. This is usually accomplished via different approaches but the principle one in the literature is software metrics. To perform refactoring, a mechanism should be devised to detect an anomaly or ill-structured piece in the software in order to improve it. Refactoring is the process that shows how software can be improved without altering its behavior. Software organizations strive to improve their code or adjust it for a new platform, technology or structure. Changes and modifications to software are inevitable.
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